While humans can initiate this process, ocean fertilization relies on the activity of phytoplankton, according to The Royal Society (opens in new tab). Ocean fertilization is a process by which carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is transported to the bottom of the ocean. This shape was chosen to increase the possibility of two ice blocks merging together.

The water is concealed, so that it isn't warmed by sunlight, enabling it to naturally freeze.Īround a month later, the ice would eject from the vessel as a 16-foot (five-meter) wide, 82-foot (25 meter) deep hexagonal iceberg. This step is essential as removing salt from sea water raises its freezing point. Next the salt is filtered from this contained water. These vessels would first submerge themselves underwater so that their hexagonal centre becomes filled with water. There are many indirect actions we can take to reduce warming weather patterns, but what if we could use machines to physically piece the Arctic back together? A group of Indonesian scientists, led by architect Faris Rajak Kotahatuhaha, have designed an iceberg-making submarine, as part of the ASA Experimental Design Competition (opens in new tab). Melting Arctic ice is often associated with global warming. Iceberg buildersĪround 13 percent of Arctic ice is currently being lost per decade. The small droplets in the clouds scatter light, making clouds appear white, and in turn these white clouds would reflect more sunlight away from Earth. This fine spray of seawater would reduce the average droplet size within the surrounding clouds. Water would then be pumped from the sea and sprayed into the sky through these towers. The towers would be constructed on a fleet of autonomous boats, floating on the ocean surface. This is the idea behind cloud-whitening towers, which would aim to brighten clouds in order to reduce the warming of the planet, according to the BBC. Bright white clouds can be pleasing to the eye, but they also hold another useful property - they can reflect sunlight back into space, along with the heat energy it carries. The color of a cloud depends on its particle size and composition. The country carried out cloud-seeding in the capital, to ensure that the rain fell before events like the opening ceremony, rather than during them. In 2008, China used its weather-modification programme to control weather forecasts for the Beijing Olympics, according to the BBC (opens in new tab). When the events of Operation Popeye were publicized, a ban was put in place by the European Modification Convention to prevent military tactics that controlled the weather. The canisters were ignited to release the particles into the clouds. To do this, military pilots flew over chosen regions with canisters of silver or lead iodide.

Operation Popeye used the rain as a weapon to destroy roads and flood rivers. troops were more prepared for the extensive rainy season, according to documents posted online at the Office of the Historian (opens in new tab). The plan was named Operation Popeye and meant that the U.S. The aim was to prolong the monsoon season in Vietnam, making fighting more difficult for the enemy. army used cloud seeding to alter the weather. In 1974, during the Vietnam War, the U.S. As they fall, they melt to become raindrops. Eventually, the ice crystals become too heavy to remain in the air. As the water and silver iodide combine, ice crystals form. Because these particles have a similar structure to ice, the water droplets in the cloud–which are too small to fall as rain– surround the silver iodide, according to Encyclopaedia Britannica (opens in new tab). Using aircraft, drones or rockets, small particles of silver or lead iodide are released into the sky. (Image credit: Getty)Ĭloud seeding is a method used to make clouds rain. Silver iodide canisters can be carried through clouds by a plane.

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